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テーマ 05

秘密とごまかし.

Secrecy, Deception & Trickery

帰国子女・インターナショナルスクール生のための、デジタルSAT の無料単語教材。独学で進められます。

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使ってみる — 4問

おぼえたかどうかではなく、文に合う語を選べるかを試します。 選択肢はすべて、このテーマの語です。意味の遠い語は混ぜていません。 だから「よい意味か、わるい意味か」と「どのくらい強いか」で絞るのが、そのまま解き方になります。

  1. 01

    When the Parisian censors tightened their grip in the 1760s, several philosophical societies went on meeting in cellars and unlisted lodging houses. Nothing about their proceedings was underhanded — they read papers, debated, and voted much as any learned academy did — but an edict of 1764 had made such assemblies a criminal offense. Historians therefore describe these societies as      : the aim was not merely to keep the discussions private, but to hold them where a prohibition could not reach.

  2. 02

    Reviewing the station's notebooks a decade after publication, Okonkwo found that the columns of tide readings credited to the 1911 survey matched no instrument the observatory had ever owned. The numbers had not been quietly massaged, nor had an inconvenient result been withheld; the measurements had simply never been taken. Whoever assembled the report had chosen to       them outright.

  3. 03

    The bids looked competitive: three firms, three different figures, each submitted separately to the county. But a clerk's memorandum recovered in 1998 showed that the managers had met in a hotel room the week before and settled in advance which firm would name the lowest price and by how much. No firm ever told the county its figure had been reached independently — the county's form asked for no such declaration — and the arrangement required no ingenuity whatever, only the meeting. What the memorandum documented was not any one firm's two-faced dealing but       among all three firms.

  4. 04

    The gap in the observatory's monthly totals was small, and an internal review had already ruled out theft: no account was short, and no donor had been talked into paying twice. The figures were honest, merely inconsistent — a rounding convention altered midway through the year, most likely, rather than anyone's design. Even so, for three months the source of the mismatch continued to       the auditors, who recomputed every column by hand before they found it.

Secrecy, Deception & Trickery — 27語27 words

このテーマの全語です。定義を隠して、 よい意味・わるい意味・中立の三つに分けてみるのが、いちばん効く使い方です。 分け間違えた語が、そのまま自分の弱点になります。

Every word in this theme. The best use of it is to cover the meanings and sort the list into positive, negative and neutral. Whichever ones you put in the wrong pile are exactly your weak spots.

内訳：よい意味 0語 ／ わるい意味 19語 ／ 中立 8語。 強さはこのテーマの中での相対です。テーマをまたいで比べる数字ではありません。

0 positive, 19 negative, 8 neutral. Strength is ranked within this theme only — the numbers are not comparable across themes.

語Word向き+/−強さStrength意味Meaning
abscond v−●●●to slip away and hide, often with something stolen — 姿をくらます・持ち逃げするelude は追跡をかわすことですが、abscond は（多くは金品を持って）そのまま姿を消すことです。elude is slipping out of someone's reach while the chase goes on; abscond is disappearing altogether, usually with something you took.
alias n0●a false name — 偽名
beguile v−●●to charm someone into being fooled — たぶらかす
bilk v−●●●to cheat someone out of money — 金をだまし取る
circumvent v0●to get around an obstacle or rule — 巧みに回避する
clandestine adj−●●●kept secret because it is not permitted — 非合法で秘密のcovert は単に秘密というだけですが、clandestine は禁じられている前提が入ります。covert just means kept out of sight; clandestine adds that the thing is hidden because it is not permitted.
collusion n−●●●a secret agreement to deceive others — 共謀・談合connive は個人がこっそり企むこと、collusion は複数で結んだ秘密の取り決めで、より重い語です。connive is one person scheming on the quiet; collusion is two or more parties bound by a secret agreement to deceive everyone else, and it is the heavier charge.
concoct v−●●to invent a story or scheme — でっち上げる
connive v−●●to scheme secretly — 陰で企む
covert adj0●carried out in secret — 秘密裏の
cunning adj−●●clever in a sly way — ずる賢い
devious adj−●●using indirect and dishonest methods — 腹黒いやり方
dissemble v−●●to hide your real feelings or motives — 本心を隠す
duplicity n−●●●saying one thing while doing another — 二枚舌
elude v0●to slip out of reach — すり抜ける
fabricate v−●●●to make up something false — 捏造するconcoct は話を作り上げる程度ですが、fabricate は証拠や事実までつくり出す強い語です。concoct is making up a story or a scheme; fabricate goes further and manufactures supposed facts and evidence.
facade n0●●a false front; also, the face of a building — 表向きの顔veneer は薄い上塗りで下がすぐ透けますが、facade は全体を覆う見せかけです。a veneer is a thin layer laid over the surface of the real thing; a facade is an entire false front held up to the world.
furtive adj−●●sneaky and trying not to be seen — こそこそしたsurreptitious は行為が隠されていること、furtive は人の様子がこそこそ見えることです。surreptitious describes the act, done in a way that keeps it from being noticed; furtive describes the person, who visibly looks like they are hiding something.
guile n−●●sly cleverness used to trick people — ずる賢さ
legerdemain n0●sleight of hand; clever trickery — 手品のような技
ostensible adj0●given as the reason but not the real one — 名目上の
pretense n−●●a false show put on to deceive — 見せかけ
ruse n−●●a trick designed to mislead — 策略
surreptitious adj−●●done stealthily to avoid notice — こっそりした
unctuous adj−●●●oily and insincerely charming — 媚びへつらう
veneer n0●●a thin attractive surface hiding what is underneath — 薄い上塗り
wily adj−●full of crafty tricks — 悪知恵が働くcunning より軽く、腕のある人をほめる調子で使うこともあります。wily is lighter than cunning and can even sound admiring, used of someone skilled at outmaneuvering others by trickery.
次にやること
Words in Context 文脈から語を選ぶ・12問

おぼえた語を、実際の設問で選べるようにする手順です。向きと強さで絞る練習をここでします。