テーマ 19
Virtue, Vice & Wickedness
帰国子女・インターナショナルスクール生のための、デジタルSAT の無料単語教材。独学で進められます。
読み込み中…
このテーマの全語です。定義を隠して、 よい意味・わるい意味・中立の三つに分けてみるのが、いちばん効く使い方です。 分け間違えた語が、そのまま自分の弱点になります。
Every word in this theme. The best use of it is to cover the meanings and sort the list into positive, negative and neutral. Whichever ones you put in the wrong pile are exactly your weak spots.
内訳：よい意味 11語 ／ わるい意味 20語 ／ 中立 4語。 強さはこのテーマの中での相対です—— テーマをまたいで比べる数字ではありません。
11 positive, 20 negative, 4 neutral. Strength is ranked within this theme only — the numbers are not comparable across themes.
| 語Word | 向き+/− | 強さStrength | 意味Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| abnegation n | ＋ | ●●● | self-denial; refusing comfort to oneself — 自己犠牲・禁欲abstain が一つの行為を控えることなのに対し、abnegation は自分の快適さごと捨てる徹底した自己否定です。abstain is holding back from one particular thing; abnegation is giving up your own comfort across the board. |
| abstain v | 0 | ● | to hold back from doing something by choice — 控える・慎む |
| appalling adj | − | ●●● | shocking and disgraceful — ぞっとするほど酷い |
| atone v | ＋ | ● | to make up for a wrong — 償う |
| compunction n | ＋ | ● | a pang of guilt about doing something — 良心の呵責 |
| contrite adj | ＋ | ●●● | sincerely sorry and wanting forgiveness — 深く悔いているpenitent や repentant より強く、深く悔いて許しを求めている状態を指します。penitent is being sorry for what you did and repentant is being sorry enough to change; contrite is being sorry enough to want the person you wronged to forgive you. |
| debauch v | − | ●●● | to corrupt through indulgence — 堕落させる |
| depravity n | − | ●●● | deep moral corruption — 堕落・腐敗 |
| egregious adj | − | ●● | bad in a way that stands out — 目立ってひどい |
| execrable adj | − | ●●● | detestably bad — 唾棄すべき |
| expedient adj | 0 | ● | useful to your own interests, if not principled — 都合がいい文脈で評価が変わります。「賢明な手段」とも「原則を曲げた便法」とも読めます。the same act can be called expedient in praise, as the practical thing to do, or in criticism, as principle set aside for convenience; the context decides which. |
| expiate v | ＋ | ●● | to make amends for a sin — 罪を償うatone は日常の埋め合わせにも使いますが、expiate は罪そのものを清めるという重い語です。atone works for everyday making up for a wrong; expiate is the heavy word for washing out an actual sin. |
| fidelity n | ＋ | ●● | faithfulness to a person or cause — 忠実さ |
| flagrant adj | − | ●● | offensive in a way nobody can miss — あからさまに悪質egregious が程度のひどさを言うのに対し、flagrant は隠そうともしない露骨さを強調します。egregious is about how bad the act is; flagrant is about how openly it is done, with no attempt to hide it. |
| gluttony n | − | ●● | excessive eating and drinking — 暴飲暴食 |
| hedonist n | 0 | ● | someone who makes pleasure the point of life — 快楽主義者 |
| heinous adj | − | ●●● | shockingly evil — 極悪なreprehensible が「非難に値する」程度なのに対し、heinous は犯罪的な極悪さに使います。reprehensible is the level of deserving blame; save heinous for evil on the scale of a serious crime. |
| iniquity n | − | ●●● | gross injustice or sin — 不正・悪行 |
| licentious adj | − | ●●● | ignoring moral and legal restraint — ふしだら・放埒 |
| lurid adj | − | ●● | shocking in a sensational way — どぎつい |
| nefarious adj | − | ●● | villainous — 悪だくみの |
| odious adj | − | ●● | deserving of hatred — 憎むべき |
| penitent adj | ＋ | ●● | sorry for what you have done — 悔いている |
| perfidious adj | − | ●● | treacherous toward those who trust you — 裏切りの |
| probity n | ＋ | ●●● | unshakable integrity — 高潔・誠実rectitude が品行の正しさなら、probity は金銭や取引でも揺るがない誠実さです。rectitude is uprightness in how you conduct yourself; probity is honesty that holds firm where money and dealings are involved. |
| prurient adj | − | ●● | excessively preoccupied with sex — みだらな関心lurid は見せ方のどぎつさ、prurient は見る側のいやらしい関心を指します。lurid describes how something is put on display; prurient describes the dirty interest of the person taking it in. |
| rectitude n | ＋ | ●● | strict moral uprightness — 実直さ |
| repentant adj | ＋ | ●● | regretting a wrong and wishing to change — 悔い改めた |
| reprehensible adj | − | ●● | deserving of condemnation — 非難に値する |
| reprobate adj | − | ●● | morally unprincipled — 不道徳な |
| ribald adj | 0 | ● | crudely humorous — 下ネタ的なribald は笑いを誘う下品さ、scurrilous は相手を傷つける罵倒です。ribald crudeness is aimed at getting a laugh; scurrilous crudeness is aimed at a person, to abuse them. |
| scurrilous adj | − | ●● | vulgar and abusive — 口汚い・下品 |
| temperance n | ＋ | ●● | moderation and self-restraint — 節制 |
| turpitude n | − | ●●● | deep moral corruption — 道徳的堕落depravity とほぼ同義ですが、turpitude は法律や公式文書で使われる硬い語です。turpitude and depravity name the same deep corruption, but turpitude is the formal word, the one that turns up in legal and official language. |
| wanton adj | − | ●● | reckless and without restraint — 見境のない |